Liquid Phosphite Antioxidant
Introduction
Liquid phosphite antioxidants are a category of liquid auxiliary antioxidants widely used in polymer processing, including aromatic mixed phosphites, fully alkyl phenol-free phosphites, polymeric phosphites and pentaerythritol diphosphites.
Their core function is to decompose hydroperoxides generated during high-temperature plastic extrusion, injection molding and foaming, cut off the thermal oxidation chain reaction, effectively suppress yellowing, discoloration and surface fogging of products, and simultaneously passivate metal ions (Cu, Fe, Zn) to avoid catalytic aging of resins.
Classification by structure
2.1 Aromatic phenyl-containing liquid phosphites
2.2 Fully alkyl phenol-free liquid phosphites
2.3 Polyether polymeric phosphites
2.4 Pentaerythritol diphosphites
Classification by property
Low lmpurity Phosphite antioxidants
Table 1 compare table of low impurity Phosphites antioxidants
| Grade | Phosphorus | clarity | Hydrolysis
Resistance |
Volatility | Odor Emission | Fluidity | extraction
resistance |
Max Temp | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPP | 14.2% | 5 | poor | high | heavy | 5 | poor | 180℃ | |
| TPP | 10.0% | 5 | poor | high | Heavy | 4 | poor | 200℃ | |
| PDOP | 7.3% | 3 | moderate | moderate | moderate | 5 | Moderate | 220℃ | |
| DPOP | 8.4% | 4 | moderate | moderate | moderate | 4 | Good | 220℃ | |
| PDDP | 6.4% | 3 | best | low | slight | 3 | best | 250℃ | |
| DPDP | 7.8% | 4 | Good | Low | Slight | 3 | good | 245℃ |
Selection Guide of low impurity phosphite antioxidants
For PVC Applications
- For cost sensitive rigid transparent PVC, low-temperature processing, and waterless applications: DPP/TPP
- For ordinary soft PVC, artificial leather, high flowability, and limited budgets: PDOP
- For transparent films, suitable for both soft and rigid applications, not for automotive/foaming applications: DPOP
- For automotive interiors, PU foam, low fogging requirements,
- Extremely low fogging and water resistance: PDDP
- Balanced high transparency and low fogging for general use: DPDP
For polyurethane applications
- DPP, TPP, PDOP, and DPOP are not recommended for use in polyurethane form due to rapid hydrolysis, strong phenol odor, high fogging.
High Performance Phosphite Antioxidants
Table 2 compare table of high performance phosphites antioxidants
| Grade | Phosphorus | anti yellow | Hydrolysis Resistance | Volatility | Phenol | Form | Fluidity | temp |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPP | 14.2% | 5 | poor | high | phenol release | Liquid | best | 180℃ |
| tdd/THOP | 10.9% | 5 | Poor | High | phenol release | Liquid | Good | 230℃ |
| TNPP | 9.6% | 4 | Medium | Medium | nonylphenol after hydrolysis | Liquid | good | 235℃ |
| PDP/dhop | 5.5% | 3 | Medium | Medium | moderate phenol release | Liquid | Poor | 230℃ |
| 1500 | 5.2% | 4 | Good | Low | Trace phenol release | Liquid | poor | 230℃ |
| DLP | 5.8% | 3 | good | Low | Phenol-free | Liquid | Medium | 230℃ |
| DTDP | 6.0% | 3 | Excellent | low | Trace phenol release | Liquid | good | 240℃ |
| 4500 | 5.0% | 4 | Excellent | low | Trace phenol release | Liquid | poor | 260℃ |
| 618 | 7.8% | 4 | Excellent | low | phenol-free | flake | Poor | 270℃ |
Selection Guide of high performance phosphite antioxidants
- Ultra-high transparency rigid PVC, low-temperature low-cost processing, water-free and no automotive requirements: DPP, THOP
- Rubber, no EU export, low-cost formula: TNPP (domestic sales only, export prohibited)
- PU flexible foam, flame lamination, polyether slurry-specific: PDP, DTDP
- Mid-range automotive interior, TNPP alternative, balancing foaming and transparency: DTDP
- High-end general purpose, multi-material modification, recycled plastic: 1500
- High-end vehicle low-fog interior, food-grade, high-temperature modified: 4500
- Pure phenol-free, low-temperature cold-resistant, low-end phenol-free foaming: DLP
- Solid plastic granulation, polyolefin/engineering plastics, food packaging, no foaming: 618
- EU export, zero nonylphenol, low VOC mandatory requirements: DTDP > 1500 > 4500, TNPP, DPP, THOP prohibited
Phenol Free Phosphite Antioxidants
Table 3 compare table of phenol free phosphites antioxidants
| grades | TOP | TDP | TLP | TTDP | TFAP | DPD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphorus | 7.2% | 6.2% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.2% | ≥12% |
| Instant Anti-Yellowing | ★★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★ | ★★★★★ |
| Hydrolysis Stability | Poorest | Medium | Good | Excellent | Excellent | Excellent |
| Volatility | Highest | Medium | Low | Low | Lowest | Low |
| extraction resistance | Poor | Fair | Good | good | good | best |
| Processing Fluidity | best | good | best | Poor | Poor | Poor |
| Low temp Storage | Clear Liquid | Clear Liquid | easy crystallization | Clear | Clear | Clear Liquid |
| Maximum temp | 200℃ | 220℃ | 230℃ | 250℃ | 260℃ | Above 280℃ |
| Price | Lowest | Low | Medium | Medium | High | Highest |
| Core Positioning | Low-cost general-purpose | Mid-Range balance | Cold-Resistant Low-Fog | High-End Low-Fog | Top-Grade Trialkyl | All-Round Diphosphite |
Selection Guide of phenol free phosphite antioxidants
- Limited Budget, High-Speed Wire/Regular Soft PVC, Low Fog Not Required:TOP
- Mid-Range Cables, Elastomers, Balancing Cost and Long-Term Stability:TDP
- Requires Cold Resistance, Mid-Range Automotive Interiors, Light-Colored Products:TLP
- High-Temperature Polyolefins, Recycled Materials, Regular High-End Automotive Interiors: TTDP
- Extreme Low Fog, Medical/Food, Long-Term Outdoor Use, Highest Trialkylphenol-Free Standard:TFAP
- High-End Transparent Parts, High-Temperature Processing, Balancing Yellowing Prevention and Long-Term Water Resistance, :DIPDP
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